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Numerical investigation of the effectiveness of effusion cooling for plane multi-layer systems with different base-materials

Dieter BOHN, Robert KREWINKEL

Frontiers in Energy 2009, Volume 3, Issue 4,   Pages 406-413 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0041-x

Abstract: CHTflow is a conjugate code, which yields information on the temperature distribution in the solid bodyThe numerical grid for the simulations contains the coolant supply (plenum), the solid body for the conjugate

Keywords： conjugate calculation     effectiveness of effusion cooling     multi-layer systems     CMSX-4     NiAl-FG75    

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Immunogenicity and protective immunity against otitis media caused by pneumococcus in mice of Hib conjugate

Zeyu Chen,Rong Guo,Jianghong Xu,Chuangjun Qiu

Frontiers of Medicine 2016, Volume 10, Issue 4,   Pages 490-498 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0470-y

Abstract: immunogenicity and protective immunity of a Hemophilus influenzae b (Hib) polysaccharide conjugateA total of 15 young mice aged 3 weeks to 5 weeks were immunized with the conjugate vaccine, and anotherThis new Hib-PsaA conjugate vaccine can induce both anti-PsaA and anti-Hib immune responses in young

Keywords： conjugate vaccine     pneumococcal surface adhesin A     Hemophilus influenzae b     immunogenicity     otitis media    

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An invariant descriptor for conjugate forced convection-conduction cooling of 3D protruding heaters in

Thiago ANTONINI ALVES,Paulo H. D. SANTOS,Murilo A. BARBUR

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2015, Volume 10, Issue 3,   Pages 263-276 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0345-y

Abstract: These coefficients are defined in this study as the conjugate influence coefficients (g+conjugate coefficients are invariant with the heat generation rate in the array of heaters when assumingThe conservation equations are solved by a coupled procedure within a single calculation domain comprisingexamples are shown, indicating the effects of substrate thermal conductivity and Reynolds number on conjugate

Keywords： channel flow     conjugate forced convection-conduction cooling     conjugate influence coefficients     discrete    

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Explicit finite element method for calculation and analysis to the elasto-plastic dynamic response of

LI Liang, DU Xiuli, LI Liyun, ZHAO Chenggang

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 4,   Pages 436-442 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0059-2

Abstract: the integral formula mentioned above, the time-domain explicit finite element method is developed for calculation

Keywords： discretization     computational     calculation     integral     requirement    

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Application of an efficient stochastic calculation method on the seismic analysis of an isolated structure

Wei GUO, Zhiwu YU

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 4,   Pages 379-384 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0180-8

Abstract: However, traditional seismic calculation theory and methods are derived based on the assumption thatBased on this drawback, a new, more efficient stochastic calculation method, an improvement on the pseudo-excitationMoreover, the calculation process of the seismic response of an isolated structure is convergent.

Keywords： isolated structure     stochastic response     non-proportional damping     efficient     accurate     pseudo-excitation method    

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The calculation of equivalence factor for ecological footprints in China: a methodological note

Moucheng LIU,Wenhua LI,Dan ZAHNG,Ning SU

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015, Volume 9, Issue 6,   Pages 1015-1024 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0670-0

Abstract: The Ecological Footprint (EF), a physical indicator to measure the extent of humanity’s use of natural resources, has gained much attention since it was first used by Wackernagel and Rees in 1996. In order to appraise land area types with different levels of productivity, they introduced the concept of an equivalence factor. This relates to the average primary biomass productivities of different types of land (i.e. arable land, pasture, forest, water/fishery, built-up land and fossil energy land) to the regional average primary biomass productivity of all land types in a given year. Hence, the equivalence factor is an important parameter in the EF model and it directly affects the reliability of all results. Thus, this article calculates equivalence factors on the national and provincial levels in China based on Net Primary Production (NPP) from MODIS 1 km data in 2008. Firstly, based on the Light Utility Efficiency and CASA model, the NPP of different biologically productive lands of China and of different provinces was calculated. Secondly, China’s equivalence factor for 6 land area types was calculated based on NPP: arable land and built-up land has an equivalence factor of 1.71, forest and fossil energy land has a factor of 1.41, pasture has a factor of 0.44 and water/fishery 0.35; Finally, the equivalence factor of 6 land area types in different provinces was also calculated. The NPP of each ecosystem type varies along with the equivalence factor in different provinces. However, the ranking of the equivalence factors in different provinces remain the same, with that of arable land being the largest, and the water/fishery being the smallest.

Keywords： ecological footprint     equivalence factor     net primary production     biological capacity     land types    

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Unified calculation method and its application in determining the uniaxial mechanical properties of concrete

Faxing DING, Xiaoyong YING, Linchao ZHOU, Zhiwu YU

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 3,   Pages 381-393 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0118-6

Abstract: This paper presents a unified calculation method and its application in determining the uniaxial mechanicalhigh-strength and super high-strength concrete in China and performing a regression analysis, unified calculation

Keywords： concrete     mechanical properties     stress-strain relationship     uniaxial stress     application    

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Invading target cells: multifunctional polymer conjugates as therapeutic nucleic acid carriers

Ulrich L?CHELT, Ernst WAGNER

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 3,   Pages 275-286 doi: 10.1007/s11705-011-1203-z

Abstract: Polymer-based conjugates are an interesting option and challenge for the design of nano-sized drug-delivery systems, as they require advanced conjugation chemistry and precise engineering. In the case of nucleic acid therapy, non-viral carriers face several biological barriers during the delivery process, namely 1) protection of the cargo from extracellular degradation, 2) avoidance of non-specific interactions with non-targeted tissues, 3) efficient entry into the target cells, 4) intracellular trafficking to the site of action and 5) cargo release. To take on these obstacles, multifunctional conjugates can act as “smart polymers” with microenvironment-sensing dynamics to facilitate the separate delivery steps. Synthesis of defined polymer architectures with precise functionalization enables structure-activity relationships to be investigated and the integration of key functions for efficient delivery. Thus bioresponsive polymer conjugates, which are equipped with molecular devices responding to the certain microenvironments within the delivery pathway (e.g. pH, redox potential, enzymes) can be assembled. This review focuses on the modular engineering and conjugation of multifunctional polymeric structures for the utilization as “tailor-made” nucleic acid carriers.

Keywords： conjugate     DNA     gene transfer     polymer     RNA     targeting    

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Calculation method of load distribution on pipe threaded connections under tension load

Shoujun CHEN, Lianxin GAO, Qi AN

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2011, Volume 6, Issue 2,   Pages 241-248 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0219-x

Abstract:

This paper presents a new calculation method that can calculate the load distribution on pipe threaded

Keywords： load distribution     calculation method     pipe threaded connections     tension load    

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Calculation on phase diagrams of polyetherimide/

Ming TAN,Gaohong HE,Yan DAI,Rujie WANG,Wenhua SHI

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2014, Volume 8, Issue 3,   Pages 312-319 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1434-x

Abstract: The ternary phase diagrams of polyetherimide (PEI)/ , -dimethylacetamide (DMAc) with H O and BuOH as non-solvent were simulated using solubility parameter and Flory-Huggins theory. The phase diagrams show that 5.5% H O/BuOH system containing 5% BuOH and 0.5% H O, or 6.5% H O/BuOH system containing 6.2% BuOH and 0.3% H O is required to induce liquid-liquid demixing for 20 wt-% PEI/DMAc casting solution. Therefore, BuOH can enhance the phase separation of the PEI casting solution and hereby induce higher porosity of the membrane, and the diffusion of BuOH into the water coagulation bath causes larger pore size easily compared with DMAc. Our predictions that the membrane pure water flux first increases then decreases, and the rejection ratio of bovine serum albumin decreases with the increasing concentration of BuOH were validated by the experiments using the prepared membranes.

Keywords： phase diagram     solubility parameter     interaction parameter     ultrafiltration     Flory-Huggins theory    

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Heuristic solution using decision tree model for enhanced XML schema matching of bridge structural calculation

Sang I. PARK, Sang-Ho LEE

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 6,   Pages 1403-1417 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0666-8

Abstract: Research on the quality of data in a structural calculation document (SCD) is lacking, although the SCDThe inverse-calculation method was applied to extract the weight factors from the decision tree model

Keywords： structural calculation document     bridge structure     XML Schema matching     weight factor     data mining     decision    

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Analyses of the seismic responses of soil layers with deep deposits

LOU Menglin, LI Yuchun, LI Nansheng

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 2,   Pages 188-193 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0021-3

Abstract: A significant error will be introduced in the calculation when the artificial horizontal rock surface

Keywords： little influence     layer     calculation     Shanghai     dynamic    

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Aerodynamic design by jointly applying S2 flow surface calculation and modern optimization methods on

ZHAO Honglei, WANG Songtao, HAN Wanjin, FENG Guotai

Frontiers in Energy 2008, Volume 2, Issue 1,   Pages 93-98 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0007-4

Abstract: A three-stage axial turbine was redesigned by jointly applying S2 flow surface direct problem calculation
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Experiment and calculation on seismic behavior of RC composite core walls with concealed steel truss

Wanlin CAO , Weihua CHANG , Changjun ZHAO , Jianwei ZHANG ,

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2009, Volume 3, Issue 3,   Pages 255-261 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0043-0

Abstract: To improve the seismic performance of reinforced concrete core walls, reinforced concrete composite core walls with concealed steel truss were proposed and systemically investigated. Two 1/6 scale core wall specimens, including a normal reinforced concrete core wall and a reinforced concrete composite core wall with concealed steel truss, were designed. The experimental study on seismic performance under cyclic loading was carried out. The load-carrying capacity, stiffness, ductility, hysteretic behavior and energy dissipation of the core walls were discussed. The test results showed that the seismic performance of core walls is improved greatly by the concealed steel truss. The calculated results were found to agree well with the actual measured ones.

Keywords： reinforced concrete     steel truss     core walls     seismic performance    

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Calculation method on shape finding of self-anchored suspension bridge with spatial cables

Yan HAN, Zhengqing CHEN, Shidong LUO, Shankui YANG

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2009, Volume 3, Issue 2,   Pages 165-172 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0021-6

Abstract: Based on the spatial model, a reliable and accurate calculation method on the shape finding of self-anchoredThe results show that the shape-finding calculation method is effective and reliable.

Keywords： bridge engineering     self-anchored suspension bridges     special cables     shape-finding     calculation method    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Numerical investigation of the effectiveness of effusion cooling for plane multi-layer systems with different base-materials

Dieter BOHN, Robert KREWINKEL

Journal Article

Immunogenicity and protective immunity against otitis media caused by pneumococcus in mice of Hib conjugate

Zeyu Chen,Rong Guo,Jianghong Xu,Chuangjun Qiu

Journal Article

An invariant descriptor for conjugate forced convection-conduction cooling of 3D protruding heaters in

Thiago ANTONINI ALVES,Paulo H. D. SANTOS,Murilo A. BARBUR

Journal Article

Explicit finite element method for calculation and analysis to the elasto-plastic dynamic response of

LI Liang, DU Xiuli, LI Liyun, ZHAO Chenggang

Journal Article

Application of an efficient stochastic calculation method on the seismic analysis of an isolated structure

Wei GUO, Zhiwu YU

Journal Article

The calculation of equivalence factor for ecological footprints in China: a methodological note

Moucheng LIU,Wenhua LI,Dan ZAHNG,Ning SU

Journal Article

Unified calculation method and its application in determining the uniaxial mechanical properties of concrete

Faxing DING, Xiaoyong YING, Linchao ZHOU, Zhiwu YU

Journal Article

Invading target cells: multifunctional polymer conjugates as therapeutic nucleic acid carriers

Ulrich L?CHELT, Ernst WAGNER

Journal Article

Calculation method of load distribution on pipe threaded connections under tension load

Shoujun CHEN, Lianxin GAO, Qi AN

Journal Article

Calculation on phase diagrams of polyetherimide/

Ming TAN,Gaohong HE,Yan DAI,Rujie WANG,Wenhua SHI

Journal Article

Heuristic solution using decision tree model for enhanced XML schema matching of bridge structural calculation

Sang I. PARK, Sang-Ho LEE

Journal Article

Analyses of the seismic responses of soil layers with deep deposits

LOU Menglin, LI Yuchun, LI Nansheng

Journal Article

Aerodynamic design by jointly applying S2 flow surface calculation and modern optimization methods on

ZHAO Honglei, WANG Songtao, HAN Wanjin, FENG Guotai

Journal Article

Experiment and calculation on seismic behavior of RC composite core walls with concealed steel truss

Wanlin CAO , Weihua CHANG , Changjun ZHAO , Jianwei ZHANG ,

Journal Article

Calculation method on shape finding of self-anchored suspension bridge with spatial cables

Yan HAN, Zhengqing CHEN, Shidong LUO, Shankui YANG

Journal Article